Recipients of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits in five states are challenging bans that restrict purchases of sugary foods as part of state-level public health initiatives. The restrictions, implemented to address obesity and diet-related diseases, have sparked legal disputes from program participants who argue the limitations infringe on food choice and dignity. Public health officials supporting the bans contend that limiting sugar-sweetened beverages and processed foods reduces healthcare costs and improves nutrition outcomes. The cases highlight ongoing tensions between state efforts to promote healthy eating behaviors and individual rights to food selection within federal assistance programs.