The future is fermented: How Europe can succeed in the next industrial race – European Council on Foreign Relations

- The European Council on Foreign Relations warns that the next industrial revolution will be driven by microbial fermentation and biotechnology, a race where China is currently positioning itself for dominance.
- While Europe possesses the necessary scientific expertise and leading companies like Denmark’s Novonesis, it lacks the integrated fermentation facilities and operational supply chains needed to scale.
- This shift matters because mastering advanced microbial products will provide a decisive economic and industrial advantage, similar to the current strategic importance of AI foundational models.
- To remain competitive, Europe must urgently move beyond basic science to invest in engineering expertise and large-scale production infrastructure to avoid relying on foreign industrial capabilities.
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