U.S. launches fresh strikes on Iran after Trump warned peace deal is 'over'

• President Trump declared the ceasefire "over" following a series of exchange attacks between the United States and Iran. • The conflict centers on the Strait of Hormuz, a critical maritime waterway that previously handled 20% of global oil shipments.

• This academic article analyzes the evolving security narratives of the European Union and NATO, focusing on the shift toward "resilience" and "total defence." • The research examines how these frameworks aim to strengthen societal resilience to protect critical infrastructure and democratic stability against hybrid threats.

• Renewed attacks on shipping vessels in the Strait of Hormuz have unsettled global energy markets as of Wednesday. • The International Maritime Organization (IMO), a UN maritime agency, has issued an urgent call for "maximum restraint and de-escalation" to prevent further conflict.

• The U.S. military has launched a new round of strikes against Iran, as confirmed by U.S. Central Command. • The attacks follow a period of "mixed messaging" from President Trump regarding the intended scope and scale of the military conflict.

• Recent conflicts involving Israel, Iran, and the United States have highlighted a significant shift in the global distribution of power. • While military exchanges occurred, the resolution through diplomacy suggests a move away from the era of undisputed American primacy that followed the Cold War.

• Global energy supply chains are undergoing a fundamental restructuring following two major international supply shocks within five years. • Recent exchanges of fire and instability in the Strait of Hormuz have shattered confidence in traditional transit routes, making trust a critical commodity for energy security.

• On July 8, 2026, the U.S. renewed attacks on Iran and reimposed oil sanctions after President Trump declared the ceasefire "over," while simultaneously praising Turkish President Erdoğan. • The escalation has caused diplomatic friction, with Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu criticizing Trump's embrace of Erdoğan and the Pentagon considering relocating Gulf bases to Israel.

• The International Monetary Fund (IMF) warned on Wednesday that renewed geopolitical conflict in the Middle East would negatively impact global economic growth and increase inflation. • This warning follows an announcement by President Donald Trump that the U.S. ceasefire and peace process with Iran has officially ended.

• Turkey is set to host the 2026 NATO Summit in Ankara, marking a strategic shift from being viewed as a "difficult partner" to an indispensable stakeholder within the alliance. • This repositioning is the result of Turkey's long-term investments in industrial capability, technological development, strategic autonomy, and regional diplomacy.

• A military crisis erupted in the Strait of Hormuz starting February 28, 2026, involving a series of ship attacks and military strikes. • The conflict has been characterized by a volatile cycle of diplomatic developments, ceasefires, and strategic market fluctuations.

• Former President Donald Trump declared that the ceasefire with Iran has ended during a major announcement at the NATO Summit. • The statement was made in response to journalist inquiries regarding whether the previous ceasefire and the associated 14-point Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) are now "dead."