Mediation

• Turkey and Greece opened fresh talks on maritime boundaries in the Eastern Mediterranean, with NATO officials mediating discussions aimed at resolving long-standing territorial disputes. • Both nations agreed to establish a permanent dialogue mechanism and conduct joint scientific surveys of disputed seabed areas, marking the most substantive progress in five years. • The US views the agreement as critical to regional stability, particularly given strategic concerns about Russian naval activity in the Mediterranean and the need for unified NATO positioning.

• Israel and Palestinian Authority delegations reconvened ceasefire talks in Cairo on April 12 with US State Department officials facilitating discussions aimed at establishing a lasting truce in Gaza. • Negotiators are discussing humanitarian aid corridors, Israeli security arrangements, and parameters for Palestinian governance, with a tentative framework potentially emerging within two weeks according to US officials. • The talks mark a significant shift after months of stalled diplomacy, though Israeli settlements expansion and Palestinian factional divisions continue to complicate negotiations.

• Pakistan, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and Egypt have initiated mediation between the US and Iran to end the ongoing war, relaying messages since its start. • An Islamabad-brokered ceasefire plan was presented to both sides on Monday, proposing a 15-20 day settlement with immediate ceasefire and reopening of the Strait of Hormuz ahead of a US Tuesday deadline threatening escalated strikes. • Earlier on March 25, a 15-point US proposal via Pakistan demanded dismantling Iran's nuclear facilities, missile limits, and a 30-day ceasefire, countered by Iran's five conditions including compensation and maritime control rights.