Aging Before Affluence: Welfare Regime Typologies and Social Protection Sustainability Across Asian Demographic Trajectories
• Researchers have introduced NTA-SAFE, a new framework of five indicators designed to evaluate the sustainability, adequacy, and fairness of social protection systems. • The study applies this framework to five Asian nations—Japan, South Korea, Thailand, the Philippines, and Indonesia—to analyze how they manage population aging. • The findings highlight a critical regional challenge: many Asian countries are experiencing rapid demographic aging before establishing the necessary institutional support systems.
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