Disease

Herbicide manufacturer Sygenta had reservations dating back to 1970s but regulator says tighter controls, including phasing out backpack sprayers, can protect workersFollow our Australia news live blog for latest updatesGet our breaking news email, free app or daily news podcastThe herbicide paraquat, banned in over 70 countries, will remain legal in Australia despite Parkinson’s groups, scientists and neurologists arguing there is a strong correlation between direct exposure and the incidence of the disease.The Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority (APVMA) announced its final decision on Tuesday following a decades-long review of the highly toxic paraquat and a related chemical, diquat. Both are widely used in Australian agriculture. Continue reading...

• The U.S. federal government has implemented funding cuts and personnel downsizing within biopreparedness programs dedicated to high-consequence infectious diseases (HCID). • These reductions occur while the U.S. is actively managing threats from Ebola and a Hantavirus cluster associated with cruise ship travel. • Although existing infrastructure and protocols are currently handling these outbreaks, experts warn that diminished resources will leave the nation less prepared for future pandemics.

• The 2026 World Cup is projected to be the largest in history, creating a high-risk environment for the transmission of infectious diseases due to massive global crowds. • Health experts warn that pathogens such as measles and norovirus could spread rapidly among fans and athletes traveling across host cities. • This risk is significant because large-scale international gatherings facilitate the movement of viruses across borders, potentially leading to localized outbreaks.

• Health experts and epidemiologists will monitor U.S. wastewater and social media for disease-causing microorganisms during the upcoming World Cup. • By detecting pathogens in sewage, officials can identify potential outbreaks early and alert medical clinicians to specific symptoms to prevent misdiagnosis. • This proactive surveillance is designed to protect both international soccer fans and the general public from severe illnesses during the high-traffic event.

• The National Institutes of Health (NIH) appointed Dr. John Powers III as the acting director of its infectious disease institute, as announced on the agency's website this Tuesday. • In this leadership capacity, Dr. Powers III will advise senior officials on strategic initiatives regarding infectious disease research and the management of clinical trials. • His responsibilities include overseeing efforts to combat antimicrobial resistance and evaluating medical interventions designed to improve overall patient health outcomes.

• In May 2026, outbreaks of Bundibugyo virus disease (BVD) were reported in Uganda and the Ituri province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. • A transmission model was used to project the growth of the outbreak over a three-month period, highlighting the risk of rapid escalation. • The situation is critical because there are currently no approved vaccines or medications available to treat the *Orthoebolavirus bundibugyoense* species.

• Artificial intelligence is being utilized to advance the early detection and management of complex diseases, specifically genetic and neurodegenerative disorders. • Prof. Dr. Ajith Abraham, Vice Chancellor and Dean of the School of AI at Sai University in Chennai, is leading these efforts through extensive research publications. • This integration of advanced AI techniques matters as it allows for more accurate early predictions and diagnoses, potentially improving patient outcomes.

• A retrospective of 2025's top infectious disease reports highlights critical events including a tuberculosis outbreak in Kansas City and a significant FDA drug approval. • The Trump administration's termination of NIH grants severely disrupted clinical trials, with infectious disease research identified as the most heavily impacted sector. • The Kansas City TB outbreak underscores persistent public health vulnerabilities and the urgent need for improved treatment strategies and vigilance.

• Children’s Tumor Foundation (CTF) CEO Annette Bakker reports that over 5,000 potential treatments for rare diseases are currently shelved by pharmaceutical companies. • The organization is working to rescue these dormant drug candidates to provide options for patients with rare conditions who lack viable therapies. • This initiative addresses a critical gap in drug development where promising compounds are abandoned due to market size or corporate priorities.

• A new outbreak of the Ebola Bundibugyo virus has emerged, affecting the Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, and surrounding neighboring countries. • Pharmaceutical and biotech companies are collaborating with global health and humanitarian partners to coordinate a rapid medical response. • This industry involvement is critical to accelerating the containment of the virus and providing necessary treatments to affected populations.

• Former Channel 4 News lead presenter Jon Snow has revealed that he has been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. • Snow, who anchored the news program for 32 years, is a highly decorated journalist and recipient of the 2015 Bafta Fellowship. • The diagnosis and his journey navigating the condition will be documented in an upcoming film.

• Former Channel 4 News presenter Jon Snow, 78, has publicly revealed his diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. • Snow will share his personal experience and the impact of the condition in a new documentary airing on Channel 4 later this month. • By speaking out, the veteran journalist aims to raise awareness and support for those living with dementia.

• Following the resignation of Commissioner Marty Makary, the FDA is seeking a new leader to oversee the agency's commitment to accelerating treatment access for rare disease patients. • The urgency is highlighted by UX111 gene therapy, which clinical trials show can reduce toxin buildup for over eight years and slow cognitive decline if administered early. • This transition is critical because children unable to access UX111 through clinical trials continue to suffer irreversible losses while awaiting formal FDA approval.

• Medical specialty societies are increasing their outreach and evidence-based guidance to fill communication gaps left by federal public health officials. • The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) is collaborating with the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases and over a dozen other organizations to address public health needs. • This partnership is specifically focused on developing a comprehensive toolkit for clinicians and local health authorities to manage measles prevention and outbreak responses.

• Representative Esposito is urging the FDA to accelerate the approval process for rare disease treatments, noting that 30 million Americans suffer from over 10,000 different rare conditions. • The push highlights UX111 gene therapy, which clinical trials show can reduce toxin buildup for over eight years and slow cognitive decline when administered early. • The situation is critical because standard regulatory timelines are too slow for fast-progressing diseases, leaving children to suffer permanent losses while waiting for access.

Scientists developing vaccines and anti-tick treatments amid growing concern over spread of diseaseCases of Lyme disease have risen more than 20% in England in the past year, public health experts have revealed, as pharmaceutical companies work to create new vaccines and drugs to tackle the tick-borne illness.According to data from the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), published as part of its One Health vector-borne disease surveillance report, there were 1,168 laboratory-confirmed cases of Lyme disease in 2025, up from 959 in 2024 – an increase of 22%. However, the figure is similar to that recorded in 2023, when there were 1,151 confirmed cases. Continue reading...

Pandemic report warns of growing global threat as health teams in Africa move to contain Ebola outbreak The world is becoming less resilient to outbreaks of infectious diseases, experts have warned, as health authorities in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda scramble to contain an outbreak of Ebola.The Global Preparedness Monitoring Board (GPMB) said in a report published on Monday that “as infectious disease outbreaks become more frequent they are also becoming more damaging”, warning that pandemic risk is outpacing investments in preparedness and “the world is not yet meaningfully safer”. Continue reading...

Medicines watchdog approves two treatments for patients with spinal muscular atrophyHundreds of children with a rare muscle-wasting disease will be able to receive two drugs that can improve their survival in a move parents hailed as a “lifeline”.The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (Nice) has published final draft guidance recommending that any patient who would benefit can have either drug. Continue reading...

• Between 1999-2022, US mortality rates exceeded other high-income countries by 38% in 2022, leading to 12.7 million preventable 'missing Americans' deaths. • Cardiovascular diseases topped causes, followed by metabolic conditions like diabetes, Alzheimer's, and drug/alcohol complications, per Boston University study in JAMA Network Open. • Excess deaths rose steadily through 2019 and spiked during COVID-19, highlighting failures in health, social, and economic policies.

Data tool could help NHS prioritise who gets access to limited weight-loss medication, say scientistsA new tool that can shed light on who is most at risk of obesity-related diseases could help identify people who would benefit most from weight-loss medications, researchers have said.Recent data suggests about two-thirds of adults in England are overweight or obese – a situation that has caused concern among health experts. Continue reading...

Report calls for tough action to combat ‘escalating and unsustainable burden’ of liver-related problems in EuropeGovernments in Europe should impose much higher taxes on alcohol and unhealthy food to tackle the continent’s 284,000 deaths a year from liver disease, experts say.Taxes on those products should rise sharply enough for the money raised to cover the huge costs they place on health services, the criminal justice system and social services. Continue reading...

• Stanford University neuroscientists discovered a blood-based biomarker (phosphorylated tau-217) that reliably predicts Alzheimer's disease development one to two decades before cognitive decline appears, according to research published April 20. • The biomarker was identified through analysis of blood samples from 2,500 cognitively healthy individuals followed for 15 years, with positive predictive value exceeding 92% in early-stage detection. • The finding could enable preventative therapies targeting amyloid and tau proteins before neurodegeneration becomes irreversible, potentially transforming Alzheimer's treatment approaches.

• The FDA granted accelerated approval to a CRISPR-based gene therapy for severe sickle cell disease on April 20, marking the first approved genetic treatment editing patient blood cells to produce functional hemoglobin. • Clinical trials demonstrated 95% of treated patients experienced elimination or near-elimination of vaso-occlusive crises within 12 months, with durable responses observed for over two years post-treatment. • The therapy addresses a disease affecting approximately 100,000 Americans, primarily of African descent, offering potential cure for patients previously reliant on pain management and blood transfusions.

• McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston launched the Center for Innovation in Congenital Heart Disease, a multidisciplinary center bringing together experts in medicine, science, and engineering to transform understanding and treatment of the condition. • A major research focus involves recreating early human heart development using stem cells and bioprinted structures to study how congenital defects form. • The center bridges discovery and clinical care by advancing research, developing technologies, and translating innovations into patient treatment solutions across a lifetime of care.

• Thomas Jefferson University launched a multicenter clinical trial led by Manisha Verma, MD, and Victor Navarro, MD, at Jefferson Einstein Philadelphia Hospital to improve palliative care for advanced liver disease patients. • Advanced liver disease causes significant scarring and loss of function, leading to serious health challenges with limited quality-of-life support. • Funded by the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute and published in JAMA Internal Medicine, the trial addresses a major care gap for ALD patients nationwide.

• A new VCU Health study indicates alcohol-related liver disease prevalence may be twice as high as previously estimated because of underreported alcohol consumption. • The research uncovers hidden scale of liver damage, challenging prior data on this growing public health issue. • Findings highlight need for better screening and awareness amid rising alcohol use disorders in the US.

• FDA has approved an investigational new drug application for synthetic CAR-T (sCAR-T) therapy targeting autoimmune conditions. • The clearance enables clinical trials to test this engineered cell therapy in US patients with refractory autoimmune diseases. • sCAR-T represents a novel approach adapting cancer immunotherapy for immune disorders, potentially offering durable remissions.

Charity advises replacing seed and nut feeders, where birds gather, with small amounts of mealworms, fat balls or suetGarden birds should not be fed seeds and nuts over the summer months, the RSPB has said, in an attempt to reduce the spread of avian diseases.Bird lovers are being urged to take down their bird feeders between May and October to help birds such as the greenfinch, whose numbers have plummeted after the spread of trichomonosis, a parasitic disease transmitted more easily when birds cluster around feeders in the warmer months. Continue reading...